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建筑設計? IARA

項目地點? 安徽黃山

竣工時間? 2024年

建筑面積? 272.1平方米

攝影? 宋惠恩、劉梓熠、黃弋、張靚秋、張一哲團隊

本文文字由設計單位提供。

項目位于黃山市黟縣碧陽鎮的豐梧村。作為皖南傳統村落保留最完好的區域，黟縣擁有豐富的自然景觀和人文存續，更擁有西遞、宏村等久富盛名的徽州古村落。然而，相較于黟縣的其它文化名村而言，豐梧村雖然田園風光秀美，但古建筑留存有限，且面臨著許多普通村莊都會面臨的問題，比如人口外流、老齡化、公共設施不足、文化生活匱乏等。

The project is located in Fengwu Village, Biyang Town, Yixian County, Huangshan City. As one of the best-preserved areas of traditional villages in southern Anhui, Yixian County is renowned for its rich natural landscapes and cultural heritage, which includes the famous ancient villages of Xidi and Hongcun. However, compared to other cultural villages in the county, Fengwu Village, despite its idyllic scenery, has limited preservation of ancient buildings and faces common challenges to many rural areas, such as population outflow, an aging demographic, insufficient public facilities, and a lack of cultural activities.

如何利用設計的力量為這一普通的村莊注入活力？我們在2023年發起了鄉村活化公益項目“豐梧季”，旨在從國際視野和鄉土在地性的角度出發，以空間為載體，結合在地村民與社會各界的力量，通過村莊微更新、鄉村文化建構等方式，提升當地村民生活的豐富度和幸福感，重煥鄉村活力。“鄉村記憶博物館”正是其中的子項目。

How can design bring vitality to an ordinary village like this? In 2023, we launched the "Fengwu JI" rural revitalization project. By blending an international perspective with local context, the project leverages spatial design to unite villagers and stakeholders from all sectors. Through micro-renovations and cultural initiatives, it aims to enhance villagers’ lives, improve their well-being, and revitalize rural vitality. The "Rural Memory Museum" is a key subproject under this initiative.

項目地點位于豐梧村的核心地帶，其原址曾是一座名為“迎鳳里”的老宅，在時代的發展中，老建筑消失不見，逐漸變成村莊的小廣場，里面擺放了一些健身器材，希望村民可以日常使用。然而，由于缺乏遮蔽，廣場并不適用當地多雨酷熱的氣候，平時利用率并不高，多被用作晾曬臘肉和衣物的場地。我們希望通過設計，將這一處村莊消極場所轉化為積極的公共空間。

The site is located in the village’s core, where a building called 'Yingfengli' once stood but gradually disappeared over time, leaving behind a small village square with fitness equipment for public use. However, due to the lack of shelter, the square was underutilized in the hot and rainy local climate, primarily serving as a place for drying meat and clothes. The goal is to transform this inactive site into a vibrant public space through thoughtful design.

“鄉村記憶博物館”充分尊重村莊歷史，新建筑覆蓋在原有老宅的印記之上，以空間織補的方式，用本土材料和當代的形式語言，重構并融入鄉村肌理，使得“新”房子本身即是對“老”記憶的重構性恢復。另外，我們希望它不僅是一個供人參觀的博物館，同時也可以成為村莊的精神核心和村民休閑聚會的場所，某個程度上，這個建筑是在構建當代鄉土“新祠堂”。

Respecting the village’s history, the new building overlays the footprint of the original structure, using local materials and contemporary design to reconstruct and integrate into the rural fabric. The museum not only serves as a space for visitors but also as a spiritual core and gathering place for villagers. To some extent, it is a "new ancestral hall" for the contemporary rural community.

設計方面，我們將博物館升至二層，一層除部分附屬建筑之外完全架空，形成半室外的公共空間，保證開放性的同時為日常的聚會提供遮陽避雨的場所。延續皖南民居的庭院傳統，建筑平面呈“J”字形布局，與現有“鄉村衛生室”及地塊北側的民宅相圍合，形成天井院落。但與傳統純粹的內向性庭院不同，底層架空和對外開放翻轉了內外關系，構建了層次豐富的外向性場所，這是對在地民居原型的重新詮釋。

The design elevates the museum to the second floor, leaving most of the ground floor open as a semi-outdoor space for shaded and rain-protected gatherings. Drawing inspiration from the courtyard traditions of southern Anhui residences, the building forms a J-shaped layout, enclosing a courtyard in conjunction with the adjacent local clinic and northern residences. Unlike traditional inward-facing courtyards, the elevated ground floor and open design reverse the spatial relationship, creating layered, outward-oriented public areas—a reinterpretation of the local vernacular.

建筑沿地塊外圍的白色高墻融入本地的村莊肌理，而對院落以內則使用了更多的輕質木板墻，是對在地的傳統的呼應。建筑采用的灰瓦、白墻、木構都是本土做法，但我們對其進行了改良。村莊中，老的建筑墻面受到歲月侵蝕而產生豐富的質感，老木料經過長期風吹雨淋，也會碳化變黑并形成肌理。受此啟發，我們希望為新的建筑賦予時間的印記：白墻面材料以當地河砂為骨料，與水泥、白石灰以特定的配比制作，通過人工搓洗，產生歲月侵蝕的質感；木板則以火燒的方式在表面形成碳化層，既達到防火防腐的要求，又賦予其時間的痕跡。

The building’s exterior incorporates whitewashed high walls that blend into the village texture, while the inner courtyard features lightweight wooden walls. Traditional materials like grey tiles, white walls, and timber framing are used but innovatively adapted. Inspired by the weathered textures of old village buildings and carbonized wood from years of exposure, the walls use local river sand, cement, and lime, manually finished to mimic natural aging. The wood panels are charred to create a carbonized layer, enhancing durability while evoking a sense of time.

二層展廳分為“鄉村記憶展廳”“鄉村未來展廳”和“鄉村紀錄片放映室”三個區域，“鄉村記憶展廳”相對內向，除了幾個取景窗以外，都是實墻面和木板窗，展臺區域則設計了隱藏式高窗，通過厚墻之間的夾縫，天光傾瀉而下，營造寧靜內省的空間氛圍；而“鄉村未來展廳”則透過大面積的玻璃窗，將鄉村景觀引入室內，開放明亮；而在兩個展區之間不足10平方米的小放映室，完全由燒杉木板墻包裹，命名為“時光匣”，僅有一盞小燈泡懸吊當中，象征村莊的精神內核。

The second floor houses three areas: the "Rural Memory Hall," the "Future of the Village Hall," and a "Village Documentary Screening Room." The Memory Hall is inward-facing, with solid walls, wooden shutters, and hidden skylights that channel daylight through slits in the thick wall, creating a serene atmosphere. The Future Hall, by contrast, features large glass windows, bringing the rural landscape into the space. The compact 10-square-meter screening room, named the “Time Box,” is entirely encased in charred wood, with a single hanging bulb symbolizing the village's spiritual core.

“鄉村記憶展廳”的展陳則是以“生命長詩”為主題，以個體故事與情感為線索，收集豐梧村村民珍愛的老物件，形成“初生”“生長”以及“延續”三個篇章，講述普通人從孩童、到成家立業、到生命消逝的歷程，再現了村莊的生活史，喚起了過去的記憶和情感，并獲得了對鄉土的認同，從而完成了村民個體記憶向鄉村集體文化的詮釋和轉譯。

The exhibits in the "Rural Memory Hall" revolve around the theme of the "Poetry of Life," using individual stories and emotions as threads. By collecting cherished artifacts from villagers, the exhibition is divided into three chapters: "Birth," "Growth," and "Inheritance," narrating life’s journey from childhood to family life and finally to death. This reconstruction of the village's history evokes memories and fosters a sense of identity, transforming individual memories into collective rural culture.

“鄉村記憶博物館”不似通常的博物館建筑，它并非對宏大敘事的贊美，也不是靜態的文物展示，而是關注每個普通的個體，充滿著人文關懷。同時，它也是村民日常休閑、婚喪嫁娶、節慶假日的聚會場所，在建筑僅僅完成土建施工之后，當地人已經自發性的在一層舉辦了兩場村宴，這正是我們所期待看到的。因此，在博物館正式竣工之后，我們也以一場村宴作為開幕儀式，邀請村民共同參與。老記憶在這里得以延續，新生活在這里不斷發生，“鄉村記憶博物館”成為了村莊新的精神核心……

Unlike conventional museum buildings, the Rural Memory Museum does not glorify grand narratives or static relics. Instead, it celebrates ordinary individuals with humanistic care. It also functions as a venue for daily leisure, weddings, funerals, and festivals. Even before construction was completed, villagers spontaneously hosted two community feasts on the ground floor—exactly the outcome we hoped to see. The museum's official opening featured another village feast, inviting all residents to participate. Old memories continue here, and new lives emerge. The Rural Memory Museum is becoming the new spiritual heart of Fengwu Village.

設計圖紙 ▽

完整項目信息

工程名稱：豐梧季·鄉村記憶博物館

地點：安徽省黃山市黟縣豐梧村

業主單位：碧陽鎮人民政府、黟縣農業農村水利局

建筑設計：IARA

項目主持設計：劉魯濱、張靚秋

項目團隊：羅沁銘、李莉、張雅嶸、王慧、黃弋、王月

展覽及視覺設計：IARA鄉村行動

設計主創：張靚秋、劉魯濱、張絲甜

策展團隊：羅沁銘、宋佳薇、劉雨聆、暴佳昕

策展文案：張靚秋、劉魯濱、宋佳薇、周濤濤

展覽視覺設計：王建

景觀設計：方文靜

施工單位：黃山德弘建設工程有限公司

建筑面積：272.1平方米

結構類型：鋼筋混凝土結構，木結構

設計時間：2023年

竣工時間：2024年

攝影：宋惠恩、劉梓熠、黃弋、張靚秋、張一哲團隊

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